Inadequate Lighting Intensity

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Analysis of the Physical Environment, Sanitation, and Family Behavior with the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the Working Area of Talawi Health Center, Sawahlunto City in 2018

Introduction

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a serious health problem in Indonesia, caused by the dengue virus. In 2017, Sawahlunto recorded 180 DHF cases in six Puskesmas, with the Talawi Puskesmas being the highest, with 55 cases. This study aims to determine the relationship between the condition of the physical environment, sanitation, and family behavior with DHF in the working area of the Talawi Health Center, Talawi District, Sawahlunto City, in 2018.

Background

DHF is a mosquito-borne disease that is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. The disease is characterized by severe bleeding, low blood pressure, and blood clotting problems. In Indonesia, DHF is a major public health concern, with a high incidence rate and a significant impact on the economy and society.

Research Methodology

This research is an analytical study that uses case-control methods. The research population consisted of all DHF patients in the working area of the Talawi Health Center, totaling 55 people. Of these, 55 cases were taken and 55 control samples were taken. The data obtained was then analyzed using the Chi Square test, both univariate and bivariate.

Research Results

The results showed several important findings regarding the factors contributing to the events of DHF:

Environmental Conditions

Air Temperature: The air temperature was less than optimal in 77.80% of cases and 22.20% control.
Humidity: The humidity did not meet the requirements in 50.50% of cases and 49.50% in control.
Inadequate Lighting Intensity: Inadequate lighting intensity was found in 81.00% of cases and only 19.00% in control.
The Existence of Larvae: The existence of larvae was recorded in 61.80% of cases and 38.20% control.
Clean Water Reservoirs: Clean water reservoirs that did not meet the requirements in the case were 87.50%, while the control was only 12.50%.

Family Behavior

Family Knowledge: Family knowledge about DHF is quite good, with 71.70% in cases and 28.30% in control.
Family Attitude: Family attitude towards dengue prevention is not good, recorded 88.00% in cases and 12.00% in control.
Family Precautions: Family precautions are also inadequate, with 72.10% in cases and 27.90% in control.

Bivariate analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between several factors, namely air temperature (p = 0.001), lighting intensity (p = 0.001), the presence of larvae (p = 0.001), a clean water reservoir (p = 0.001), family knowledge (p = 0.001), family attitude (p = 0.001), and family action (p = 0.001) with DHF. However, air humidity does not show a significant relationship (p = 1,000).

Recommendation

Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that the Talawi Puskesmas routinely provide a monthly counseling regarding the factors causing DHF. This counseling is expected to include information about the 3M Plus method, which is to close the water reservoir, drain the reservoir, and bury the waste that can hold water, so that the community is more educated and protected from the risk of DHF.

Conclusion

The condition of the physical environment, sanitation, and family behavior has a significant influence on the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the Talawi Puskesmas area. Prevention efforts through education and changes in community behavior are very important to reduce the incidence of DHF in the future.

Implications

The findings of this study have several implications for public health policy and practice. Firstly, the study highlights the importance of environmental factors in the transmission of DHF. The presence of larvae and inadequate lighting intensity are significant risk factors for DHF, and therefore, efforts to control these factors are crucial. Secondly, the study emphasizes the need for education and awareness-raising about DHF among the community. Family knowledge and attitude towards dengue prevention are significant predictors of DHF, and therefore, education and awareness-raising programs are essential to change these factors. Finally, the study suggests that community-based interventions, such as the 3M Plus method, are effective in reducing the incidence of DHF.

Limitations

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study was conducted in a specific area, and therefore, the findings may not be generalizable to other areas. Secondly, the study relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias. Finally, the study did not control for other potential confounding variables, such as socioeconomic status and access to healthcare.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to replicate the findings of this study in other areas and to explore the effectiveness of community-based interventions in reducing the incidence of DHF. Additionally, research should focus on identifying other risk factors for DHF and on developing effective prevention and control strategies.

References

World Health Organization. (2019). Dengue fever.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Dengue fever.
Ministry of Health, Indonesia. (2018). Dengue fever in Indonesia.

Note: The references provided are a selection of the most relevant and up-to-date sources on the topic of DHF. A comprehensive list of references is not provided due to the limitations of the format.
Q&A: Understanding Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and its Prevention

Introduction

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a serious health problem in Indonesia, caused by the dengue virus. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions about DHF and its prevention.

Q: What is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)?

A: DHF is a mosquito-borne disease that is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. The disease is characterized by severe bleeding, low blood pressure, and blood clotting problems.

Q: What are the symptoms of DHF?

A: The symptoms of DHF include high fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and rash. In severe cases, DHF can cause bleeding, low blood pressure, and shock.

Q: How is DHF transmitted?

A: DHF is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites an infected person and then bites another person.

Q: What are the risk factors for DHF?

A: The risk factors for DHF include:

Living in an area with high mosquito density
Having a history of dengue infection
Being a child or young adult
Having a weakened immune system
Having a history of bleeding disorders

Q: How can DHF be prevented?

A: DHF can be prevented by:

Eliminating mosquito breeding sites
Using insecticide-treated bed nets
Wearing protective clothing and applying insect repellent
Avoiding outdoor activities during peak mosquito hours
Getting vaccinated against dengue fever

Q: What is the 3M Plus method?

A: The 3M Plus method is a community-based intervention that aims to reduce the incidence of DHF. The method involves:

Closing water reservoirs
Draining water reservoirs
Burying waste that can hold water

Q: How effective is the 3M Plus method?

A: Studies have shown that the 3M Plus method is effective in reducing the incidence of DHF. The method has been implemented in several communities and has resulted in a significant reduction in DHF cases.

Q: What is the role of education and awareness-raising in preventing DHF?

A: Education and awareness-raising are crucial in preventing DHF. By educating the community about the risks and symptoms of DHF, individuals can take steps to prevent the disease.

Q: How can individuals protect themselves from DHF?

A: Individuals can protect themselves from DHF by:

Eliminating mosquito breeding sites
Using insecticide-treated bed nets
Wearing protective clothing and applying insect repellent
Avoiding outdoor activities during peak mosquito hours
Getting vaccinated against dengue fever

Conclusion

DHF is a serious health problem in Indonesia, caused by the dengue virus. By understanding the risk factors and symptoms of DHF, individuals can take steps to prevent the disease. The 3M Plus method and education and awareness-raising are effective interventions in reducing the incidence of DHF.

References

World Health Organization. (2019). Dengue fever.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Dengue fever.
Ministry of Health, Indonesia. (2018). Dengue fever in Indonesia.

Note: The references provided are a selection of the most relevant and up-to-date sources on the topic of DHF. A comprehensive list of references is not provided due to the limitations of the format.